Comparison of Elisa and ICT for the Detection of Hbsag among Blood Donors in Tertiary Care Hospital Peshawar
Keywords:
HBsAg, ELISA, ICTAbstract
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to compare the analytical sensitivity of an ELISA approach with a fast kit in identifying HBV infection in blood donors.
METHODOLOGY
This study used a cross-sectional design. Using the Rapid screening test kit, the ELISA approach was used to re-test 250 blood donor samples that had tested negative. 250 of 250 blood donor samples were analysed that were negative by fast test (ICT) but positive by ELISA method. Each blood sample was tested for HBsAg using both ELISA and ICT techniques. The blood was drawn, processed, and tested according to standard procedures, with serum separated via centrifugation and analyzed using the ICT kit initially, followed by confirmation through ELISA, employing the CMIA principle on the ARCHITECT i1000SR immunoassay analyzer.
RESULTS
The target variables hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were determined by ELISA. Out of 250 samples, 250 were negative by the ICT method whereas positive by the ELISA method. ELISA demonstrates a higher sensitivity of 95.12% compared to ICT’s sensitivity of 92%. Additionally, ELISA exhibits greater specificity at 99.82% compared to ICT's 97%. The positive predictive value (PPV) for ELISA and ICT is 94% and 93%, respectively, while the negative predictive value (NPV) is 99% for ELISA and 96% for ICT. Overall accuracy is higher for ELISA at 97.6% compared to ICT's 94.6%.
CONCLUSION
ELISA is reliable for detecting HBsAg in blood donors and is better than fast kits in determining hepatitis B virus infection.
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